Graveyard Life Table Lab

Riverside Historic Cemetry

For this lab we went to the Riverside Historic Cemetery. When I first found out that our ENB lab was going to be at a cemetery I was a little confused and (I'm not going to lie) A little freaked out. Once Dr. Rood explained our purpose of being there it made much more sense. We are studying populations and how our population has changed over the years and what can cause our population size to change. We were there to gather information to create a life table. We were told to look for grave stones where the person died in 1918. This year in specific because this was the year of the Spanish Flu epidemic. The Spanish Flu was an unusually severe and deadly pandemic that spread across the world. It can be predicted that there will be a lot more deaths in the year of 1918 compared to other years near to it. Also we wanted to see what age group and sex was most effected by the spanish flu. We can do this by creating a life table.

People were quarantined during the Spanish Flu epidemic

Poster warning of the Epidemic 

A life table aka a mortality table is a table which shows, for each age, what the probability is that a person of that age will die before his or her next birthday. From this starting point, a number of inferences can be derived.
From the information I gathered (which can be seen in my table at the bottom if the page) More men than women died in 1918. This could possibly mean that men were effected more than women by the spanish flu. The females that did die in 1918 were either very old or very young, and this makes sense because the old and the young are the ones most effected my pandemics. MOst of the men who died were in their 40's and older but a few dies in their 20's and 30's. It is very interesting to see and compare all those who died in Macon during the year of 1918.


Heres my life table of those who died in 1818.

Sex	Year of Birth	Year of Death	Age
Female	1850	1918	68
Male	1872	1918	46
Male	1842	1918	76
Male	1868	1918	50
Male	1861	1918	57
Male	1852	1918	66
Male	1855	1918	63
Female	1917	1918	1
Male	1880	1918	38
Male	1842	1918	76
Female	1897	1918	21
Male	1886	1918	32
Female	1911	1918	7
Male	1874	1918	44
	Video about the Spanish Flu Epidemic Video about some biology students creating life tables

Bio Ethanol Lab

In this lab we discussed how to produce bio ethanol. Bio ethanol can be used as fuel. Bio ethanol is a type of ethanol fuel that is ethanol, the same type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages. Its is most often used as motor fuel, mainly as  a biofuel addictive for gasoline. Bioethanol is a form of renewable energy that can be produced from agricultural feedstocks. It can also be made from common crops such as corn, sugar cane, potato and manioc. The basic steps fro large scale production of ethanol are yeast fermentation of sugars, distillation, dehydration and denaturing. Bioethanol fuel can be used in car petrol car engines and fireplaces.

Benefits of Bio Ethanol:
-Bioethanol has a number of advantages over conventional fuels. It comes from a renewable resource i.e. crops and not from a finite resource 
-Reduce dependence on Oil
- By encouraging bioethanol’s use, the rural economy would also receive a boost from growing the necessary crops. 
-through the use of bioethanol, some of these CO2 Green house emissions will be reduced as the fuel crops absorb the CO2 they emit through growing.

Bioethanol Fire place!

Cons:
-It has a high corrosive capacity, bioethanol can be corrosive to metals such as aluminum.
-oethanol may require the use of too much arable land (to grow the required crops) and too much energy input during production to justify it.

"Can we make bioethanol from waste?" Cool video!